Intangiriro kubitangazamakuru bisanzwe bya mikorobe (I)

Intangiriro kubitangazamakuru bisanzwe bya mikorobe (I)

Umuco wo hagati ni ubwoko bwintungamubiri zivanze nintungamubiri zateguwe muburyo butandukanye ukurikije ibikenerwa gukura kwa mikorobe zitandukanye, zikoreshwa mumuco cyangwa gutandukanya mikorobe zitandukanye.Kubwibyo, matrisa yintungamubiri igomba kuba irimo intungamubiri (harimo isoko ya karubone, isoko ya azote, ingufu, umunyu ngenga, ibintu bikura) namazi ashobora gukoreshwa na mikorobe.Ukurikije ubwoko bwa mikorobe nintego yubushakashatsi, hariho ubwoko butandukanye nuburyo bwo gutegura itangazamakuru ryumuco.

Ibitangazamakuru bimwe byumuco bisanzwe mubigeragezo byatangijwe kuburyo bukurikira:

Intungamubiri za agar:

Intungamubiri za agar zikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza n'umuco wa bagiteri zisanzwe, mu kumenya umubare wa bagiteri zose, kubungabunga amoko ya bagiteri n'umuco wera.Ibyingenzi byingenzi ni: ibivamo inyama zinka, umusemburo, peptone, sodium chloride, ifu ya agar, amazi yatoboye.Ifu ya Peptone ninka yinka itanga azote, vitamine, aside amine nisoko ya karubone, sodium chloride irashobora gukomeza umuvuduko ukabije wa osmotic, kandi agar niyo coagulant yumuco.

Imirire yintungamubiri nubwoko bwibanze bwumuco uringaniye, urimo intungamubiri nyinshi zikenewe kugirango mikorobe ikure.Imirire yintungamubiri irashobora gukoreshwa mumico isanzwe ya bagiteri.

Amaraso agar medium:

Amaraso agar medium ni ubwoko bwinyama ziva mu bwoko bwa peptone zirimo amaraso yinyamaswa zanduye (muri rusange amaraso yinkwavu cyangwa amaraso yintama).Kubwibyo, usibye intungamubiri zitandukanye zisabwa muguhinga bagiteri, irashobora kandi gutanga coenzyme (nkibintu V), heme (ibintu X) nibindi bintu bidasanzwe bikura.Kubwibyo, umuco wamaraso ikoreshwa muburyo bwo guhinga, gutandukanya no kubungabunga mikorobe zimwe na zimwe zitera indwara zisaba imirire.

Byongeye kandi, agar yamaraso ubusanzwe ikoreshwa mugupima hemolysis.Mugihe cyo gukura, bagiteri zimwe zishobora kubyara hemolysine kugirango zimeneke kandi zishonga uturemangingo twamaraso dutukura.Iyo zikuriye ku isahani yamaraso, impeta ya hemolytike ibonerana cyangwa yoroheje irashobora kugaragara hafi ya koloni.Indwara ya bagiteri nyinshi ifitanye isano na hemolytic.Kubera ko hemolysine ikorwa na bagiteri zitandukanye zitandukanye, ubushobozi bwa hemolitike nabwo buratandukanye, kandi na hemolysis phenomenon kuri plaque yamaraso nayo iratandukanye.Kubwibyo, test ya hemolysis ikoreshwa mugutahura bagiteri.

TCBS iciriritse:

TCBS ni thiosulfate citrate bile umunyu sucrose agar medium.Kuburyo bwo guhitamo vibrio itera indwara.Peptone n'umusemburo ukoreshwa nk'intungamubiri z'ibanze mu muco kugira ngo utange isoko ya azote, isoko ya karubone, vitamine n'ibindi bintu bikura bikenerwa mu mikurire ya bagiteri;Ubunini bwinshi bwa sodium chloride burashobora guhaza ibikenerwa byo gukura kwa halofilique ya vibrio;Sucrose nkisoko ya karubone isembuye;Sodium citrate, ibidukikije byinshi bya pH alkaline hamwe na sodium thiosulfate ibuza gukura kwa bagiteri zo munda.Ifu y'inka hamwe na sodiumi thiosulfate ibuza cyane gukura kwa bagiteri nziza.Byongeye kandi, sodium thiosulfate nayo itanga isoko ya sulfure.Imbere ya citrate ferricike, hydrogen sulfide irashobora gutahurwa na bagiteri.Niba hari hydrogen sulfide itanga za bagiteri, imyanda yumukara izabyara ku isahani;Ibipimo bya TCBS iciriritse ni bromocresol ubururu na thymol ubururu, ibyo bikaba ibipimo fatizo bya aside.Ubururu bwa Bromocresol ni igipimo cya aside-ishingiro hamwe na pH ihinduka rya 3.8 (umuhondo) kugeza kuri 5.4 (ubururu-icyatsi).Hariho amabara abiri atandukanye: (1) urugero rwa aside ni pH 1.2 ~ 2.8, ihinduka kuva umuhondo ugahinduka umutuku;(2) Urwego rwa alkali ni pH 8.0 ~ 9.6, ruhinduka kuva umuhondo ujya mubururu.

TSA foromaje ya soya peptone agar ikoreshwa:

Ibigize TSA isa niy'intungamubiri agar.Mubipimo byigihugu, mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mugupima bagiteri gutura mubyumba bisukuye (uduce) byinganda zimiti.Hitamo aho ikizamini kiri mukarere kageragezwa, fungura isahani ya TSA hanyuma uyishyire kumwanya wikizamini.Ingero zigomba gufatwa mugihe zihuye nikirere kirenze 30min mugihe gitandukanye, hanyuma bigahinduka umuco wo kubara abakoloni.Inzego zitandukanye zisuku zisaba ibara rya koloni zitandukanye.

Mueller Hinton agar:

MH igikoresho ni mikorobe ikoreshwa mugutahura mikorobe irwanya antibiyotike.Nuburyo budahitamo uburyo mikorobe nyinshi zishobora gukura.Byongeye kandi, ibinyamisogwe mubigize bishobora gukuramo uburozi bwarekuwe na bagiteri, bityo ntibizagira ingaruka kubisubizo bya antibiotique.Ibigize MH igereranije birarekuye, bifasha gukwirakwiza antibiyotike, kugirango ibashe kwerekana akarere kibuza gukura kugaragara.Mu nganda z’ubuzima mu Bushinwa, imiti ya MH nayo ikoreshwa mu gupima ibiyobyabwenge.Mugihe ukora ikizamini cyo kumva ibiyobyabwenge kuri bagiteri zimwe na zimwe zidasanzwe, nka Streptococcus pneumoniae, amaraso yintama 5% na NAD birashobora kongerwaho uburyo kugirango byuzuze ibyokurya bitandukanye.

SS agar:

SS agar isanzwe ikoreshwa mugutandukanya no guhitamo umuco wa Salmonella na Shigella.Irabuza bagiteri-nziza ya bagiteri, coliforme nyinshi na proteus, ariko ntabwo bigira ingaruka kumikurire ya salmonella;Sodium thiosulfate na citrate ferric ikoreshwa mugutahura ibisekuru bya hydrogen sulfide, bigatuma ikigo cya koloni kirabura;Umutuku utagira aho ubogamiye ni igipimo cya pH.Acide itanga koloni yisukari isukuye itukura, naho koloni yisukari idasembuye nta bara.Salmonella idafite ibara kandi ikorera mu mucyo hamwe na centre yumukara cyangwa idafite, naho Shigella ntagira ibara kandi rifite umucyo.